All Anatomy Mnemonics part 2

Median nerve: hand muscles innervated "The LOAF muscles":
Lumbricals 1 and 2
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
? Alternatively: LLOAF, with 2 L's, to recall there's 2 lumbricals.
? To remember that these are the Median nerve muscles, think "Meat LOAF".
36
---Samuel Atom Baek Kim Interossei muscles: number of palmars vs. dorsals "3 on the P, 4 on the Dor":
There are 3 Palmar, and 4 Dorsal interossei.
96
---Robert O'Connor University College Dublin Carpal bones: trapezium vs. trapezoid location ? Since there's two T's in carpal bone mnemonic sentences, need to know which T is where:
TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapeziOID is inSIDE.
? Alternatively, TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapezOID is by its SIDE.
4
---Tom Ball Imperial College, UK Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract SEVEN UP:
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Nothing
Urethra
Penis
319
---Ken Evans Saskatchewan Health, Acute and Emergency Services Ureter to ovarian/testicular artery relation "Water under the bridge":
The ureters (which carry water), are posterior to the ovarian/testicular artery.
? Clinically important, since a common surgical error is to cut ureter instead of ovarian artery when removing uterus.
56 Soleus vs. gastrocnemius muscle function "Stand on your Soles. Explosive gas":
You stand on soles of your shoes, so Soleus is for posture.
Gasoline is explosive, so Gastrocnemius is for explosive movement.
101
---Robert O'Connor University College Dublin Serratus anterior: innervation and action "C5-6-7 raise your arms up to heaven":
Long thoracic nerve roots (567) innervate Serratus anterior.
? Test C567 roots clinically by ability to raise arm past 90 degrees.
25 Wrist: radial side vs. ulnar side Make a fist with your thumb up in the air and say "Rad!".
Your thumb is now pointing to your Radius.
? Note: 'Rad!' was a late 80's catchphrase, short for 'Radical'. Things that were good were called 'Rad'. Medial malleolus:
order of tendons, artery, nerve behind it "Tom, Dick, And Nervous Harry":
? From anterior to posterior:
Tibialis
Digitorum
Artery
Nerve
Hallicus
? Full names for these are: Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Posterior Tibial Artery, Posterior Tibial Nerve, Flexor Hallicus Longus.
? Alternatively: "Tom, Dick ANd Harry".
? Alternatively: "Tom, Dick And Not Harry". Hip posterior dislocation: most likely arrangement for one "Hitting the brake pedal before the accident":
You are sitting, so hip is flexed, and adducted and medially rotated so can move your foot away from the gas pedal over to the brake pedal.
? Note: car accidents are 131 Diaphragm apertures "3 holes, each with 3 things going through it":
Aortic hiatus: aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein.
Esophageal hiatus: esophagus, vagal trunks, left gastric vessels.
Caval foramen: inferior vena cava, right phrenic nerve, lymph nodes.
272 Buttock quadrant safest for needle insertion "Shut up and butt out":
The Upper Outer quadrant of the Buttock safely avoids hitting sciatic nerve.
14 Superior thyroid artery branches "May I Softly Squeeze Charlie's Girl?":
Muscular
Infrahyoid
Superior laryngeal
Sternomastoid
Cricothyroid
Glandular
136 Deep tendon reflexes: root supply "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8":
S1-2: ankle
L3-4: knee
C5-6: biceps, supinator
C7-8: triceps
185 Vertebrae: recognizing a thoracic from lumbar Examine vertebral body shape:
Thoracic is heart-shaped body since your heart is in your thorax.
Lumbar is kidney-bean shaped since kidneys are in lumbar area.
? See diagram. Cubital fossa contents MBBR:
? From medial to lateral:
Median nerve
Brachial artery
Biceps tendon
Radial nerve
1283
---Dr. Atif Farooq Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan Ear: bones of inner ear Take a Hammer: Malleus
Hit an Indian Elephant: Incus
It puts its foot in a stirrup: Stapes
? Describes the shape, and relative position (from out to in) of the inner ear bones.
? Alternatively: "Mailing Includes Stamps". Popliteal fossa: muscles arrangement The two Semi's go together, Semimembranosus and Semitendonosus.
The Membranosus is Medial and since the two semis go together, Semitendonosus is also medial.
Therefore, Biceps Femoris has to be lateral.
Of the semi's, to remember which one is superficial: the Tendonosus is on Top.
9 CN VII innervated muscles (branchial arch 2 derivatives)
"Imagine someone making the facial expression to say 'PSS...' ":
Facial expression muscles
Posterior belly of digastric
Stapedius
Stylohyoid
305
---Christian Erickson Duke University Carpal bones
"Scottish Lads Take Prostitutes To The Caledonian Hotel":
? Proximal row, then distal row:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
? Alternatively: "Students Like Taking Prostitutes To The Carelton Hotel". 141 Bronchopulmonary segments of the left lung "Astute Anatomists Share Inside Secrets About Lungs":
Apicoposterior (S1+2)
Anterior (S3)
Superior (S4)
Inferior (S5)
Superior (S6)
Anteromedial basal (S7+8)
Lateral basal (S9)
1782
---Gregory Allen Loma Linda University Biceps brachii muscle: origins
"You walk shorter to a street corner. You ride longer on a superhighway.":
? Short head originates from coracoid process.
? Long head originates from the supraglenoid cavity. Extrinsic muscles of tongue [for pro soccer fans] "Paris St. Germain's Hour":
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
? PSG is a French soccer team (foreign), hence extrinsic comes to mind. Anteflexed vs. anteverted: what bodypart each describes "Anteflexed and Anteverted both bend toward Anterior".
? The "V" words go together: Verted is for the cerVix (therefore flexed must be uterus). Lung lobe numbers: right vs. left Tricuspid heart valve and tri-lobed lung both on the right side.
Bicuspid and bi-lobed lung both on the left side. Axillary artery branches "Send The Lord to Say A Prayer":
? From proximal to distal:
Superior thoracic
Thoracacromial
Lateral thoracic
Subscapular
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral Foramen spinosum: location on base of skull Foramen spinosum is adjacent to the spine of sphenoid. Tonsils: The three types "PPL (people) have tonsils":
Pharyngeal
Palatine
Lingual Palmaris longus: location, relative to wrist nerves "The Palmaris between two Palmars":
Palmaris longus is between the Palmar cutaneous branch of Ulnar nerve and Palmar cutaneous branch of Median nerve. Hyoid bone: muscle attachments "Christ, He Didn't Screw Girls Much. That's Obvious, Stupid":
? The first sentence is for 6 muscles attaching superiorly, the second sentence is for 3 muscles attaching inferiorly.
? Both sentences are in order from lateral to medial:
Constricter (middle)
Hyoglossus
Digastric
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Myloyoid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid 151 Lung lobes: segments of right middle lobe "ML=ML":
Segments of Middle Lobe are Medial & Lateral.
192 Female pelvic organs' blood supply "3 organs, each get 2 blood supplies":
Uterus: uterine, vaginal.
Rectum: middle rectal, inferior rectal [inferior rectal is the end of pudendal].
Bladder: superior vesical, inferior vesical.
267 Face muscles: large muscle groups' cranial innervation Mandibular nerve: Mastication.
Facial nerve: Facial expression.
71 Femoral triangle: arrangement of nerve, artery, vein VAN:
? From medial to lateral:
Vein
Artery
Nerve
? Nerve/Artery/Vein are all called Femoral.
11 Cranial bones "Old Pygmies From Thailand Eat Skulls":
Occipital
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
? Note: 'skull-eating pygmies' helps remind that mnemonic is for the skull.
? Alternatively: "Old People From Texas Eat Spiders".
? Alternatively: "Prostitutes Offer Free Sex To Everyone".
146 Psoas major: innervation If you hit L2, 3, 4
Psoas gets sore!
1090
---Usman Ahmad KMC Ansa cervicalis nerves "GHost THought SOmeone STupid SHot Irene":
Geniohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Superior Omohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Inferior omohyoid
1042 Leg: anterior muscles of leg "Tom's Hairy ANd Dirty Penis":
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hollicis longus
AN: anterior tibial Artery & deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]
916 Eye rotation by oblique muscles "I Love S&M":
Inferior oblique: Lateral eye rotation.
Superior oblique: Medial eye rotation.
1416
---CS Eddleman Medical Student, Texas Tech SOM Inversion vs. eversion direction in the foot Little INtroVERted boys roll their feet in when talking to girls.
Also, can just watch which way the sole of the foot goes: does it face in or out?
? See diagram. 161 Bowel components
"Dow Jones Industrial Average Closing Stock Report": ? From proximal to distal: Duodenum Jejunum Ileum Appendix Colon Sigmoid Rectum ? Alternatively: to include the cecum, "Dow Jones Industrial Climbing Average Closing Stock Report". Ulnar nerve to ulnar artery and radial nerve to radial artery relationsThink "peripheral nerves": The ulnar nerve is "ulnar" to the ulnar artery. Radial nerve is "radial" to the radial artery. Carpal bones
"Her C#nt's Too Tight So Lubricate The Penis": ? Anticlockwise: Hamate Capate Trapezoid Trapezium Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform Oblique muscles: direction of externals vs. internals
"Hands in your pockets": When put hands in your pockets, fingers now lie on top of external obliques and fingers point their direction of fibers: down and towards midline. ? Note: "oblique" tells that must be going at an angle. ? Internal obliques are at right angles to external. Murphy's point organ [for Irish]"Murphy was an Irishman (and Murphy is a classic Irish surname), and Ireland=green": Green organ in body is gallbladder, so Murphy's point is the gall bladder. Duodenum: lengths of parts"Counting 1 to 4 but staggered": 1st part: 2 inches 2nd part: 3 inches 3rd part: 4 inches 4th part: 1 inch Elbow: which side has common flexor originFM (as in FM Radio): Flexor Medial, so Common Flexor Origin is on the medial side. 6
Carpal bones
"She Licks Toms Prick; Her Cu*t's Too Tight": Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Hamate Capitate Trapezoid Trapezium Supination vs. pronation: which is more powerfulScrews were designed to be tightened well by majority of people. "Righty tighty": to tighten screws you turn to the right. Majority of people are right-handed. Turning right-hand to the right is supination. Median and ulnar nerves: common featuresEach supply 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus. Each supplies 2 lumbricals. Each has a palmar cutaneous nerve that pops off prematurely. Each supplies an eminence group of muscles [ulnar: hypothenar. median: thenar]. Each enters forearm through two heads [ulnar: heads of flexor carpi ulnaris. median: heads of pronator teres]. Each has no branches in upper arm. Each makes two fingers claw when cut at wrist. Each supplies a palmaris [median: palmaris longus. ulnar: palmaris brevis]. 171 Bowel components "Dublin Sisters Ceramic Red Colored Jewelry Apparently Illegal":
? 2-4 letters of each component:
Duodenum
Sigmoid
Cecum
Rectum
Colon
Jejunum
Appendix
Ileum Thoracic duct: which half of upper body does it drain Know drains all of lower body, but was it the right or the left part of the upper body?
Answer: its Lymph from the Left of the upper body. Mediastinums: posterior mediastinum structures
There are 4 birds:
The esophaGOOSE (esophagus)
The vaGOOSE nerve
The azyGOOSE vein
The thoracic DUCK (duct) Maxillary artery branches
"DAM I AM Piss Drunk But Stupid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone Alcoholics Anonymous":
Deep auricular
Anterior tympanic
Middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar
Accessory meningeal
Masseteric
Pterygoid
Deep temporal
Buccal
Sphenopalatine
Descending palatine
Infraorbital
Posterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar
Pharyngeal
Anterior superior alveolar
Artery of the pterygoid canal Ulna bone: quick recognition in oral exam The Ulnar bone has a "U" at the end where it goes over the trochlea. Vetebrae subtypes "Certain Doctors Luv Saddling Coeds":
? From superior to inferior:
Cervical
Dorsal
Lumbar
Sacrum
Coccyx External carotid artery branches StApLE OPIS:
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
External maxillary (facial)
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Internal maxillary
Superficial temporal
831
---Michael S. Florencio, DMD University of Perpetual College of Medicine, Las Pinas, Philippines Carpal bones "The boat sailed to the moon with 3 pEas in a rOw, at the wheel was Captain Hook":
? Carpal bones in order of occurrence:
Boat is scaphoid. Moon is lunate. 3 is triquetrum. Peas is pisiform (stressing the E sound for trapezium). Row is trapezoid (stressing the O for trapezOid). Captain is capitate. Hook is hamate (hamate has the hook).
1162
---Caoimh?n P. Connell Industrial Hygienist Coelic trunk: branches Left Hand Side (LHS):
Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
1833
---Dr. Harsh Sharma Penis: spinal level innervation "S2, 3, 4 keep the penis off the floor":
? Alternatively: "S2, 3, 4 make a mess on the floor".
Penis innervated by pudendal nerve branches, derived from spinal cord levels S2-4. 181 Thoracic cage: relations to the important venous structures Behind the sternoclavicular joints: the brachiocephalic veins begin.
Behind the 1st costal cartilage on the right the superior vena cava begins.
Behind the 2nd costal cartilage on the right the azygos vein ends.
Behind the 3rd costal cartilage on the right the superior vena cava ends. Lacrimal nerve course "Lacrimal's story of 8 L's":
Lacrimal nerve runs on Lateral wall of orbit above Lateral rectus, then Lets communicating branch join in, then supplies Lacrimal gland, then Leaves it and supplies Lateral upper eye Lid!
757
---Usman Ahmad KMC Saphenous veins: path of great vs. small at malleolus "MAGdelaine has varicose veins" [The saphenous veins are important for varicose veins]:
Medial maleolus, Anterior to maleolus, and Great saphenous go together.
Then the opposites of these go together: Small saphenous is posterior to the lateral maleolus. Leino- definition "Leino" rhymes with "spleen-o":
Therefore leino- means something to do with the spleen. Spermatic cord contents "Piles Don't Contribute To A Good Sex Life":
Pampiniform plexus
Ductus deferens
Cremasteric artery
Testicular artery
Artery of the ductus deferens
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Sympathetic nerve fibers
Lymphatic vessels
926
---TR Columbia PandS Brachial plexus organization "The Castrated Dog Turns Rabid":
? From lateral to medial:
Terminal branches
Cords
Divisions
Trunks
Roots
580
---Chip Louisiana State University Medical Center Lordosis vs. kyphosis Lordosis: Lumbar.
KYphosis is HY up on the spine.
395 Carpal bones "Happy Cat Tom Took Pie To Little Sister":
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Pisiform
Triquital
Lunate
Scaphoid Plantarflexion vs. dorsiflexion Plantar flexion occurs when you squish a Plant with your foot. Autonomics to the gut "The PARAsympathetics follow a rule of TWO" [pair = two]:
? The vagus does the top, the sacral splanchnics the outflow tract.
"The sympathetics follow a rule of threes":
? Greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves go to the celiac,superior and inferior mesenteric ganglion. 191 Adductor magnus innervation "AM SO!":
Adductor Magnus innervated by Sciatic and Obturator. Carpal tunnel syndrome: causes TRAMP:
Trauma (occupational)
Rheumatiod arthritis
Acromegaly
Myxoedema
Pregnancy
? Alternatively: ARMPIT to include Idiopathic. Musculocutaneous nerve: muscles innervated BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation):
Biceps brachii
Brachioradialis
Coracobrachialis Descending abdominal aorta: seven divisions "Sometimes Intestines Get Really Stretched Causing Leakage":
Suprarenals [paired]
Inferior mesenteric
Gonadal [paired]
Renals [paired]
Superior mesenteric
Celiac
Lumbar [paired] Menisci attachments in knee "Each meniscus has something attached to it":
The medial meniscus has the medial collateral ligament.
The lateral meniscus is attached to the popliteal muscle. Carpel bones "So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb":
? Proximal row, lateral-to-medial, then distal row, medial-to-medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Hamate
Capate
Trapezoid
Trapezium Cruciate ligaments: insertions PAMS APPLES:
Posterior [passes] Anterior [inserts] Medially.
Anterior [passes] Posteriorly [inserts] Laterally. Sperm: path through male reproductive system "My boyfriend's name is STEVE":
Seminiferous Tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct Femoral artery deep branches "Put My Leg Down Please":
Profundus femoris (deep femoral artery)
Medial circumflex femoral artery
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Descending genicular arteries
Perforating arteries Lower limb peripheral nerve injurys "Drop into a DEeP PIT and shuffle your way out":
Foot Drop results from Dorsiflexors and Evertors paralysis, due to common Peroneal nerve lesion.
Plantarflexion and Inversion impairment due to Tibial nerve lesion, results in a shuffling gait. 201 Supination vs. pronation "SOUPination": Supination is to turn your arm palm up, as if you are holding a bowl of soup.
"POUR-nation": Pronation is to turn your arm with the palm down, as if you are pouring out whatever is your bowl.
? Alternatively, Pronation donation: Pronation is palm facing downward, as if making a donation.
2346
---LCK and Anonymous Contributor University of Ottawa and Not Specified Subclavian artery branches "Very Tired Individuals Sip Strong Coffee Served Daily":
Vertebral artery
Thyrocervical trunk
---Inferior thyroid
---Superficial cervical
---Suprascapular
Costocervical
---Superior intercostal
---Deep cervical
2451
---Gene Lee Emory School of Medicine Scalp: nerve supply GLASS:
Greater occipital/ Greater auricular
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
2046 Tibia: muscles of pes anserinus (the muscles attached to tibia's medial side) "A Girl between Two Sargeants":
Gracilus is between
Sartorius and
Semitendonosus Rib costal groove: order of intercostal blood vessels and nerve VAN:
? From superior to inferior:
Vein
Artery
Nerve Internal pudendal branches "I Pee Pee But Don't Dump!":
Inferior rectal
Posterior scrotal (or labial)
Perineal
Bulb
Deep artery
Dorsal artery
2503 Spinal cord: length in vertebral column SCULL:
Spinal Cord Until L2 (LL). Erector spinae muscles: order Spinalis is on the spine (most medial).
Iliocostalis is on the ribs (most lateral).
And it's a Long (Longissimus) way between the spine and the ribs! Portal-systemic anastomoses: main 2 places that retroperitoneals connect into systemic RetroPeritoneals hook up with Renal and Paravertebral veins. Carpum and tarsum "SCIT":
(Artum) Superior Carpum
(Artum) Inferior Tarsum 211 Brachial artery: recurrent and collateral branches "I Am Pretty Sexy"
Inferior ulnar collateral artery goes with Anterior ulnar recurrent artery.
Posterior ulnar recurrent artery goes with Superior ulnar collateral artery.
? Alternatively: "I Am Pretty Smart". Orbit: bones of medial wall "My Little Eye Sits in the orbit":
Maxilla (frontal process)
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid (body) Facial nerve branches "Two Zombies Buggered My Cat":
? From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
? Alternatively: "Two Zulus Bit My Cat".
? Alternatively: "Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx".
? Alternatively: "To Zanzibar By Motor Car".
? Alternatively: "Tall Zulus Bear Many Children". Cartilage derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch (mandibular) "I'M A Super Sexy Guy" (or Girl):
Incus
Malleus
Anterior ligament of malleus
Spine of sphenoid
Sphenomandibular ligament
Genial tubercle of mandible
834
---Ron Norman AECC Facial nerve: branches after Stylomastoid foramen "Ten Zulus Buggered My Cat (Painfully)":
? From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
(Posterior auricular nerve)
? Alternatively: "PAssing Through Zanzibar By Motor Car" (PA for Posterior Auricular). Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract "STaRT DEEP--VD!":
? Sperm duct system progression, from smallest to largest:
ST: Seminiferous Tubules
RT: Rete Testes
DE: Ductus Efferentes
EP: Epididymis
VD: Vas Deferens Superior orbital fissure: structures passing through "Live Free To See Absolutely No Insult":
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Superior branch of oculomotor nerve
Abducent nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior branch of oculomotor nerve Vertebrae: number of facets a typical thoracic has Typical Thoracic has Ten facets. External carotid artery branches "So Long For Acting Old Parenting Means Stability":
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Occiptal
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superficial temporal Horner's syndrome components "HORNy PAM"
? Horner's is:
Ptosis
Anhidrosis
Miosis 221 Superior mediastinum contents "BATS & TENT":
Brachiocephalic veins
Arch of aorta
Thymus
Superior vena cava
Trachea
Esophagus
Nerves (vagus & phrenic)
Thoracic duct Scrotum layers "Some Days Eddie Can Irritate People Very Thourougly":
Skin
Dartos layer
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Internal spermatic fascia
Parietal tunica vaginalis
Visceral tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginea External carotid artery branches "Sally Ate Lots Of Fresh Produce March Through September":
Superior thyroid
Ascending laryngeal
Lingual
Occipital (O before F is an extremely common variation)
Facial
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Transverse facial
Superficial temporal Cubital fossa contents "Really Need Booze To Be At My Nicest":
? From lateral to medial:
Radial Nerve
Biceps Tendon
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve Cricoarytenoids: abductor vs. adductor When aliens abduct you, they Probe you.
Posterior cricoarytenoids abduct. Lateral therefore is adduct by default. Extensor expansion location in the hand The eXtensor eXpansion is on the proXimal phalynX. Carpal bone having the hook The Hamate has the Hook. External carotid artery branches "She Lay Flaccid As Olaf's Penis Slipped In":
? From caudal to cephalad:
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Superficial temporal
(Internal) maxillary Brachial artery is medial to biceps tendon "BAMBI":
Brachial Artery is Medial to Biceps In elbow. Ossification ages "Every Potential Anatomist Should Know When"
? When they ossify, in order of increasing year:
Elbow: 16 years
Pelvis, Ankle: 17 years
Shoulder, Knee: 18 years
Wrist: 19 years 231 Carpal bones (multangular names) "Never Lower Tillie's Pants. Mother May Come Home.":
Navicular
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
greater Multangular (trapezium)
lesser Multangular (trapezoid)
Capitate
Hamate V3: sensory branches "Buccaneers Are Inferior Linguists":
Buccal
Auriculotemporal
Inferior alveolar
Lingual